What is athlete’s foot?
Athlete’s foot sometimes called tines pedis is a fungal infection of the skin that can cause itching, cracked, blistered or peeling skin, redness and scaling. It is usually seen on moist, waterlogged skin, and is most common between the fourth and fifth toes, or on dry, flaky skin around the heels, sides or beneath the foot. Large painful splits (fissures) can develop and the infection can spread if left untreated.
What causes it?
Athletes foot is caused by a number of fungal species that picked up from someone else shedding infected skin. This is most likely in communal areas such as pools, showers and changing rooms, or anywhere that you walk around barefoot. Athletes foot can also be passed on directly through person to person contact, and it is thought that people who sweat more are more prone to infection.
Once your feet have been contaminated, the warm, dark and sweaty environment of feet in shoes or trainers provides the ideal breeding ground for the fungus. However, athlete’s foot can also occur in dry, flaky areas. Podiatrists will see this quite often during the summer w months amongst sandal wearers. The sun makes your skin dry out so it loses its natural protective oils which, combined with the constant trauma from sandals makes your feet more prone to infection.
Who gets it?
You guessed it, Athletes! Walking barefoot around swimming pools or changing rooms and spending your life in trainers may make you more likely to pick it up, but this fungal infection isn't fussy. Avoiding exercise won't save you from Athletes foot.
Is it serious?
If left untreated, the fungus can spread to the toe nails, causing thickening and yellowing (click here to read our blog post on fungal nail infection), which is much harder to treat. Fungal infections are highly contagious and can spread to anywhere on your skin, including your scalp, hands and even your groin. This is especially likely if you use the same towel for your feet as for the rest of your body.
What are the treatments?
It is always best to treat this condition as soon as symptoms are first noticed. Treatments depend on what type of athlete’s foot you have. Over-the-counter remedies are always a good starting point, and your GP or podiatrist can also recommend suitable treatments.
For athlete’s foot where the skin conditions are dry
If the condition occurs on a dry area of the foot, such as your heel, you need to restore moisture by rubbing in an anti-fungal cream or spray, sometimes combined with a steroid cream (all from your pharmacist). You must remember to wash your hands thoroughly afterwards, or use disposable gloves so you don’t get the fungus on your hands.
For athlete’s foot where the skin conditions are moist
This requires a different treatment. Wash your feet in water as cold as you can bear (hot water only makes your feet fungus-friendly) then dry them thoroughly, preferably with a separate towel or even kitchen roll. It is important to dab your feet dry rather than rub them, as rubbing tends to remove any healing skin. Although the skin may appear flaky and dry, never use moisturiser between your toes, and avoid powders as they can cake up and irritate skin. A spirit-based preparation such as surgical spirit can help - it’s cooling, soothing and antiseptic. This may sting a little but will help the moisture evaporate and allow the skin to heal. Only use on unbroken skin. In severe cases, an anti-fungal tablet may be prescribed. However, tablets are not suitable for everyone, for example pregnant women, so always check with your pharmacist and follow the instructions carefully.
You should also avoid using anti-fungal powders between the toes, although they’re good for dusting inside shoes and trainers. The mistake most people make is to stop their hygiene regime, shoe rotation and/or medication once their symptoms have gone. Although symptoms may disappear after several days or weeks of treatment, the fungus can lie dormant and could eventually reappear in the right environment. Some products require continued treatment for many weeks – always follow the instructions fully. Also, be alert to symptoms so that you can deal with any problems straight away.
Fungal nails
Prescribed oral medications from your GP or podiatrist can be used for fungal nails. These usually takes between three and six months to get rid of the infection but can take longer. Alternatively, over-the-counter remedies such as anti-fungal nail lacquer can be used. These can take up to a year or more to work as it takes this long for a nail to fully grow out.
How can I prevent it?
The most important tip for preventing athlete’s foot is to ensure your feet are completely dry after washing them and before you put your shoes and socks on. However, there are many things you can do to make your feet less hospitable to fungal infections.
Change your footwear regularly. There’s no point treating your feet if you constantly re-infect them by putting them into damp, fungally infected shoes. It takes 24-48 hours for shoes to dry out properly, so alternate your shoes daily
If you really have to wear the same pair day after day (say, if you’re on holiday), dry them out by using a hairdryer on a cold setting; this will get rid of the perspiration quickly without creating more heat. To help shoes dry out more quickly, take any insoles out, loosen any laces and open your shoes out fully so that air can circulate. When buying, choose trainers with ventilation holes
If your shoes are so tight that they squeeze your toes together, this allows moisture to gather between your toes and encourages fungus. Instead, let air circulate between the toes by choosing footwear with a wider, deeper toe box and choose shoes made from natural materials. Of course, you should also change your socks daily
Wear flip-flops in the bathroom and in public showers. This will ensure that you don’t leave any shed skin for others to pick up, and it will also stop you picking up other species of fungus
Finally, NEVER wear anyone else’s footwear
When should I see a podiatrist at Find Your Stride?
Athlete’s foot is usually treatable at home, but a podiatrist may help you pinpoint the best treatment for your particular type of athlete’s foot. Your podiatrist can also help if the fungal infection has spread to your nails by reducing the thickness and cutting back the nails thereby exposing the infected nail bed to a lighter, cooler environment.
Nail infections can be treated with topical or oral medications. Oral medication can have side-effects so if you have other medical conditions or are on other medication, your GP or podiatrist may recommend that you don’t take it.
If you experience any foot care issues that do not resolve themselves naturally or through routine foot care within six weeks, it is recommended that you seek the help of a healthcare professional. The podiatrists at the Find Your Stride clinic in Edinburgh are always happy to help, plus you can get in touch and book a free 20 minute consultation if you're not sure.
Find Your Stride!
Comments